python timedelta

 import datetime

y,m,d = map(int,input().split())

d1 =datetime.date(y, m, d)

d2 = d1 + datetime.timedelta(days=280)

print(d2.year,d2.month,d2.day)

中文數字

 r = '零一二三四五六七八九'

a = ['萬','千','百','十','萬','千','百','十','']

rn = '0123456789'

n = int(input())

d = [r[rn.find(str(i))] for i in str(n)]

d = ''.join(d)

s = ''

i,k = len(d)-1,len(a)-1 

while i>=0:

s =  d[i] + a[k] + s

i = i -1

k = k - 1

s = s.replace('零十','零')

s = s.replace('零百','零')

s = s.replace('零千','零')

s = s.replace('零萬','零')

while s.find('零零')>0:s = s.replace('零零','零')

if s=='零':

print(s,end='')

elif s[-1]=='零':

print(s[:-1],end='')

else:

print(s,end='')

小於N的質數個數

 #小於N的質數個數

while True:

try:

n = int(input())

d = list(range(n))

d[1]=0

for i in range(2,int(n**0.5)+1):

  for j in range(i**2,n,i):

    d[j]=0

d1 = [ i for i in d if i!=0]

print(len(d1))

except:

break

merge sort

 def mgsort(d):

  if len(d)<=1:return d

  n = len(d)//2

  left = mgsort(d[:n])

  right = mgsort(d[n:])

  return merge(left,right)

def merge(left,right):

  i,j = 0,0

  result = []

  while i<len(left) and j<len(right):

    if left[i]<right[j]:

      result.append(left[i])

      i+=1

    else:

      result.append(right[j])

      j+=1

  result.extend(left[i:])

  result.extend(right[j:])

  return result

  

d = [int(i) for i in input().split()]

n = len(d)

print(mgsort(d))

data:

1 2 10 9 8 3 5 4 7 6

Output:

[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]

象棋比大小

 r = '將帥士仕象相車俥馬傌包炮卒兵'

while True:

try:

d = [i for i in input().split()]

isDateRight = True

for i in d[:5]:

if i in '帥仕相俥傌炮兵':

isDateRight = False

break

if not isDateRight:

d =d[5:] + d[:5]

d = [r[::-1].find(i) for i in d]

d = [i if i%2==0 else i-1 for i in d ]

d1 = d[:5]

d2 = d[5:]

d1.sort()

d1.reverse()

d2.sort()

d2.reverse()

msg = '紅黑平手'

for i in range(5):

if d1[i]>d2[i]:

msg = '黑方勝出'

break

elif d1[i]<d2[i]:

msg = '紅方勝出'

break

print(msg)

except:

break

data:

象 包 將 士 士 兵 相 相 帥 帥

帥 相 帥 帥 兵 包 將 將 卒 卒 

search sample

 d = [3,5,10,1,7,9,8,6,4,2]

print(d.index(9))

d = 'abcdefg'

print(d.find('e'))

print(d.index('e'))

d = 'tomorrow will be better'

f = 'r'

for i in range(len(d)):

  if d[i] == f:print(i,':',d[i])

sort sample

 arr = [3,5,10,1,7,9,8,6,4,2]

def qsort(arr):

  if len(arr)<=1:return arr

  pv = arr[0]

  lar = [i for i in arr if i<pv]

  mar = [i for i in arr if i==pv]

  rar = [i for i in arr if i>pv]

  return qsort(lar)+mar+qsort(rar)

def ssort(arr):

  if len(arr)<=1:return arr

  minv = min(arr)

  arr.remove(minv)

  return [minv] + ssort(arr)

 

def isort(arr):

  arr1 = []

  for i in arr:

    arrs = [j for j in arr1 if j <i]

    arrb = [j for j in arr1 if j >i]

    arr1 = arrs + [i] +arrb 

  return arr1

def bsort(arr):

  l = len(arr)

  for i in range(l-1):

    for j in range(l-1):

      if arr[j]>arr[j+1]:

        arr[j],arr[j+1]=arr[j+1],arr[j]

  return arr

print(qsort(arr))

print(ssort(arr[::]))

print(isort(arr))

print(bsort(arr))

打磚塊左右對打版

 

import pygame

import sys

import random

pygame.init()

#  玩家設定 0：玩家右   2：玩家左   9：開始未指定玩家

onplay = 9

# 畫面設定

WIDTH, HEIGHT = 1920, 1080

WHITE = (255, 255, 255)

RED = (255, 0, 0)

BLUE = (0, 100, 255)

COLORS = [(255, 100, 100), (255, 200, 0), (0, 200, 100), (100, 100, 255), (200, 0, 200)]

screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT))

pygame.display.set_caption("打磚塊遊戲")

# 玩家方塊

player_width = 20

player_height = 100

player_x = WIDTH - 75

player_y = HEIGHT // 2 - player_height // 2

player_speed = 16

player2_width = 20

player2_height = 100

player2_x = 75

player2_y = HEIGHT // 2 - player_height // 2

player2_speed = 16

# 球

ball_radius = 10

ball_x = WIDTH // 2+random.randint(-200, 200)

ball_y = HEIGHT // 2

ball_x_speed = 18+ random.randint(-6, 6)

ball_y_speed = -12+ random.randint(-5, 5)

# 磚塊設定（5列×10行）

brick_rows = 20

brick_cols = 1

brick_width = 20

brick_height = HEIGHT // brick_rows

bricks = []

for row in range(brick_rows):

    for col in range(brick_cols):

        x = col * brick_width+WIDTH//2-50

        y = row * brick_height  # 從 y=40 開始畫

        rect = pygame.Rect(x, y, brick_width - 2, brick_height - 2)

        color = COLORS[row % len(COLORS)]

        bricks.append({'rect': rect, 'color': color, 'alive': True})

for row in range(brick_rows):

    for col in range(brick_cols):

        x = col * brick_width+WIDTH//2-50-200

        y = row * brick_height  # 從 y=40 開始畫

        rect = pygame.Rect(x, y, brick_width - 2, brick_height - 2)

        color = COLORS[row % len(COLORS)]

        bricks.append({'rect': rect, 'color': color, 'alive': True})

for row in range(brick_rows):

    for col in range(brick_cols):

        x = col * brick_width+WIDTH//2-50+200

        y = row * brick_height  # 從 y=40 開始畫

        rect = pygame.Rect(x, y, brick_width - 2, brick_height - 2)

        color = COLORS[row % len(COLORS)]

        bricks.append({'rect': rect, 'color': color, 'alive': True})

# 分數

score = 0

score2 = 0

font = pygame.font.SysFont(None, 36)

clock = pygame.time.Clock()

running = True

while running:

    clock.tick(60*1.0)

    # 事件處理

    for event in pygame.event.get():

        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:

            running = False

    # 玩家左右控制

    keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()

    if keys[pygame.K_UP]:

        player_y -= player_speed

    if keys[pygame.K_DOWN]:

        player_y += player_speed

  

    if keys[pygame.K_q]:

        player2_y -= player2_speed

    if keys[pygame.K_z]:

        player2_y += player2_speed

    player_y = max(0, min(WIDTH - player_height, player_y))

    player2_y = max(0, min(WIDTH - player2_height, player2_y))

    player_y = ball_y - 50

    player2_y = ball_y - 50

    # 球移動

    ball_x += ball_x_speed

    ball_y += ball_y_speed

    # 左右牆反彈

    if ball_x - ball_radius <= 0 or ball_x + ball_radius >= WIDTH:

        ball_x_speed = -ball_x_speed

    # 上下邊界反彈

    if ball_y - ball_radius <= 0:

        ball_y_speed = abs(ball_y_speed)

    if ball_y > HEIGHT:

        ball_y_speed = -ball_y_speed

    # 掉到底部，遊戲重置

    if ball_y > WIDTH:

        ball_x = WIDTH // 2

        ball_y = HEIGHT // 2

        ball_x_speed = -4

        ball_y_speed = 4

        score = 0

        for b in bricks:

            b['alive'] = True

    # 撞玩家方塊

    player_rect = pygame.Rect(player_x, player_y, player_width, player_height)

    player2_rect = pygame.Rect(player2_x, player2_y, player2_width, player2_height)

    # if player_rect.collidepoint(ball_x, ball_y + ball_radius) and ball_y_speed > 0:

    #     ball_y_speed = -ball_y_speed

    if player_rect.collidepoint(ball_x, ball_y + ball_radius) and ball_x_speed > 0:

        ball_x_speed = -(ball_x_speed+ random.randint(-4, 4))

        ball_y_speed = (ball_y_speed+ random.randint(-4, 4))

        onplay = 0

    if player2_rect.collidepoint(ball_x, ball_y + ball_radius) and ball_x_speed < 0:

        ball_x_speed = -(ball_x_speed+ random.randint(-4, 4))

        ball_y_speed = (ball_y_speed+ random.randint(-4, 4))

        onplay = 2

    # 撞磚塊

    for b in bricks:

        if b['alive'] and b['rect'].collidepoint(ball_x, ball_y):

            b['alive'] = False

            ball_x_speed = -ball_x_speed

            if onplay == 0:score += 10

            if onplay == 2:score2 += 10

            break

    # 畫面更新

    screen.fill(WHITE)

    # 畫磚塊

    for b in bricks:

        if b['alive']:

            pygame.draw.rect(screen, b['color'], b['rect'])

    # 畫玩家與球

    pygame.draw.rect(screen, RED, player_rect)

    pygame.draw.rect(screen, BLUE, player2_rect)

    pygame.draw.circle(screen, BLUE, (int(ball_x), int(ball_y)), ball_radius)

    # 分數顯示

    score_text = font.render(f"Score: {score}", True, (0, 0, 0))

    score_text2 = font.render(f"Score: {score2}", True, (0, 0, 0))

    screen.blit(score_text, (WIDTH-150, 10))

    screen.blit(score_text2, (10, 10))

    pygame.display.flip()

pygame.quit()

sys.exit()

selection sort recursive edition

 d = [6,7,8,9,1,2,3,4,5]

def selsort(d):

  if len(d)==0:return []

  minV = min(d)

  d.remove(minV)

  return [minV] + selsort(d)

print(selsort(d))

# Output:

# [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]

打磚塊 II

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import pygame

import sys

import random

pygame.init()

# 畫面設定

WIDTH, HEIGHT = 1400, 600

WHITE = (255, 255, 255)

RED = (255, 0, 0)

BLUE = (0, 100, 255)

YELLOW = (255, 255, 0)

PURPLE1 = (153, 0, 153)

COLORS = [(255, 100, 100), (255, 200, 0), (0, 200, 100), (100, 100, 255), (200, 0, 200)]

screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT))

pygame.display.set_caption("打磚塊遊戲")

# 玩家方塊

player_width = 100

player_height = 20

player_x = WIDTH // 2 - player_width // 2

player_y = HEIGHT - 50

player_speed = 8

player2_width = 100

player2_height = 20

player2_x = WIDTH // 2 - player_width // 2

player2_y =  50

player2_speed = 8

# 球

ball_radius = 10

ball_x = WIDTH // 2

ball_y = HEIGHT // 2 - 100 *random.randint(-1,1)

ball_x_speed = 24

ball_y_speed = -12

# 磚塊設定（5列×10行）

brick_rows = 3

brick_cols = 30

brick_width = WIDTH // brick_cols

brick_height = 25

bricks = []

for row in range(brick_rows):

    for col in range(brick_cols):

        x = col * brick_width

        y = row * brick_height + HEIGHT//2 - 25  # 從 y=40 開始畫

        rect = pygame.Rect(x, y, brick_width - 2, brick_height - 2)

        color = COLORS[row % len(COLORS)]

        bricks.append({'rect': rect, 'color': color, 'alive': True})

# 分數

score = 0

font = pygame.font.SysFont(None, 36)

clock = pygame.time.Clock()

running = True

while running:

    clock.tick(60)

    # 事件處理

    for event in pygame.event.get():

        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:

            running = False

    # 玩家左右控制

    keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()

    if keys[pygame.K_LEFT]:

        player_x -= player_speed

    if keys[pygame.K_RIGHT]:

        player_x += player_speed

    player_x = max(0, min(WIDTH - player_width, player_x))

    player_x =  ball_x -50

    player2_x =  ball_x -50

    # 球移動

    ball_x += ball_x_speed

    ball_y += ball_y_speed

    # 左右牆反彈

    if ball_x - ball_radius <= 0 or ball_x + ball_radius >= WIDTH:

        ball_x_speed = -ball_x_speed

    # 上下邊界反彈

    if ball_y - ball_radius <= 0:

        ball_y_speed = -ball_y_speed

    # 掉到底部，遊戲重置

    if ball_y > HEIGHT:

        ball_x = WIDTH // 2

        ball_y = HEIGHT // 2

        ball_x_speed = 4

        ball_y_speed = -4

        score = 0

        for b in bricks:

            b['alive'] = True

    # 撞玩家方塊

    player_rect = pygame.Rect(player_x, player_y, player_width, player_height)

    player2_rect = pygame.Rect(player2_x, player2_y, player2_width, player2_height)

    if player_rect.collidepoint(ball_x, ball_y + ball_radius) and ball_y_speed > 0:

        ball_y_speed = -ball_y_speed

    if player2_rect.collidepoint(ball_x, ball_y + ball_radius) and ball_y_speed < 0:

        ball_y_speed = -ball_y_speed

    # 撞磚塊

    for b in bricks:

        if b['alive'] and b['rect'].collidepoint(ball_x, ball_y):

            b['alive'] = False

            ball_y_speed = -ball_y_speed

            score += 10

            break

    # 畫面更新

    screen.fill(WHITE)

    # 畫磚塊

    for b in bricks:

        if b['alive']:

            pygame.draw.rect(screen, b['color'], b['rect'])

    # 畫玩家與球

    pygame.draw.rect(screen, RED, player_rect)

    pygame.draw.rect(screen, PURPLE1, player2_rect)

    pygame.draw.circle(screen, BLUE, (int(ball_x), int(ball_y)), ball_radius)

    # 分數顯示

    score_text = font.render(f"Score: {score}", True, (0, 0, 0))

    screen.blit(score_text, (10, 10))

    pygame.display.flip()

pygame.quit()

sys.exit()

#計算a/b，無條件捨去到小數點以下第25位

 #計算a/b，無條件捨去到小數點以下第25位

from decimal import Decimal

while True:

try:

a,b = map(int,input().split())

r = Decimal(a)/Decimal(b)

rr = f'{r:.26f}'

print(rr[:-1])

except:

break

text.encode

 #_*_coding=big5_*_

while True:

try:

text = input()

hex_output = ''.join([f'{byte:02x}' for byte in text.encode('big5')])

hex_output = hex_output.upper()

print(hex_output)

except:

break

打字練習程式：分段學習結構

 

單元	目標	重點學習
第1單元	建立 GUI 視窗與顯示句子	tkinter 基本介面、文字顯示
第2單元	建立輸入框並接收輸入	Entry 輸入框與事件綁定
第3單元	計算正確率與耗時	time.time() 與比對邏輯
第4單元	多題練習與換題功能	random.choice()、變數更新
第5單元	完整統計、重新開始功能	題數統計、平均計算、重啟流程

`

打字練習程式

 import tkinter as tk

import random

import time

# 建立句子庫

sentences = [

    "The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.",

    "Python is a powerful programming language.",

    "Practice makes perfect.",

    "Typing is a useful skill.",

    "Artificial intelligence is changing the world."

]

# 全域變數

target_sentence = random.choice(sentences)

start_time = 0

question_count = 0

total_time = 0

total_accuracy = 0

results = []  # 儲存每題耗時與正確率

def start_typing():

    global start_time

    entry.delete(0, tk.END)

    entry.focus()

    start_time = time.time()

    result_label.config(text="")

def check_typing(event=None):

    global start_time, question_count, total_time, total_accuracy, results

    end_time = time.time()

    user_input = entry.get()

    elapsed_time = round(end_time - start_time, 2)

    correct = sum(1 for a, b in zip(target_sentence, user_input) if a == b)

    accuracy = round(correct / len(target_sentence) * 100, 2)

    # 統計資料儲存

    question_count += 1

    total_time += elapsed_time

    total_accuracy += accuracy

    results.append((question_count, elapsed_time, accuracy))

    if question_count == 5:

        show_summary()

    else:

        next_question()

def next_question():

    global target_sentence

    target_sentence = random.choice(sentences)  # ✅ 真正換句子

    sentence_label.config(text=target_sentence)

    entry.delete(0, tk.END)

    entry.focus()

def show_summary():

    avg_accuracy = round(total_accuracy / 5, 2)

    result_text = "📊 練習結束！以下是你的統計資料：\n\n"

    for num, t, acc in results:

        result_text += f"第 {num} 題：耗時 {t} 秒，正確率 {acc}%\n"

    result_text += f"\n✅ 總耗時：{round(total_time, 2)} 秒"

    result_text += f"\n✅ 平均正確率：{avg_accuracy}%"

    result_label.config(text=result_text)

    entry.config(state='disabled')  # 鎖住輸入框

    sentence_label.config(text="練習結束，請重新啟動程式再來一次")

# 建立主視窗

window = tk.Tk()

window.title("打字練習程式")

window.geometry("800x500")

# 「開始」按鈕放右上

start_button = tk.Button(window, text="開始", command=start_typing)

start_button.place(x=730, y=10)

# 題目區

tk.Label(window, text="請輸入以下句子：", font=("Arial", 16)).pack(pady=20)

sentence_label = tk.Label(window, text=target_sentence, font=("Arial", 12), fg="blue", wraplength=750)

sentence_label.pack()

# 輸入框

entry = tk.Entry(window, font=("Arial", 12), width=80)

entry.place(x=20, y=320)

entry.bind("<Return>", check_typing)

# 顯示結果與統計

result_label = tk.Label(window, text="", font=("Arial", 14), justify="left")

result_label.pack(pady=10)

# 啟動主程式

window.mainloop()

insert sort python edition

 d = list(range(110,100,-1))+list(range(1,11))

print(d)

t = d[0:]

for i in t:

  d = [j for j in d if j<i] + [i] + [j for j in d if j>i]

print(d)

Output:

[110, 109, 108, 107, 106, 105, 104, 103, 102, 101, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]

[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110]

求質數 II

 primes = []  # 建立一個空列表，用來儲存質數

for p in range(2, 101):  # 檢查從 2 到 100 的每一個數字

    is_prime = True  # 假設目前的數字 p 是質數

    for i in range(2, int(p**0.5) + 1):  # 從 2 檢查到 √p

        if p % i == 0:  # 如果 p 被整除，表示不是質數

            is_prime = False

            break  # 提前跳出迴圈，沒必要再檢查下去

    if is_prime:

        primes.append(p)  # 如果是質數，加入列表

print(primes)  # 印出所有找到的質數

求質數

print( [ p for p in range(2,100+1) if all(p%i!=0 for i in range(2,int(p**0.5)+1)) ])

Output:

[2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43, 47, 53, 59, 61, 67, 71, 73, 79, 83, 89, 97]

Python 3.x 的內建標準庫

 Python 3.x 的內建標準庫（Standard Library）是一套隨 Python 安裝時就已包含的模組，不需額外安裝就可直接使用。這些模組涵蓋：

• 數學與統計
• 檔案處理
• 作業系統互動
• 正規表示法
• 資料壓縮
• 網路處理
• 程式設計工具（如時間、日期、迴圈控制）
• 單元測試
• 資料結構輔助模組（如 collections）

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以下是常見 Python 3.x 標準庫分類與模組代表：

📊 數學與統計

模組	功能簡述
math	提供數學函數（如 sin, sqrt）
statistics	平均數、中位數、標準差等統計
random	隨機數與抽樣工具

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📁 檔案與資料處理

模組	功能簡述
os	作業系統操作（檔案、資料夾）
shutil	高階檔案操作（複製、搬移）
csv	讀寫 CSV 檔案
json	讀寫 JSON 格式

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🧮 資料結構與演算法輔助

模組	功能簡述
collections	額外資料型別如 deque, Counter
heapq	最小堆排序工具
bisect	二分搜尋
array	效率較高的陣列（固定型別）

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🕒 時間與日期

模組	功能簡述
time	處理時間戳記、延遲等
datetime	處理日期與時間
calendar	月曆、閏年等工具

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📧 網路與 Web

模組	功能簡述
urllib	網頁請求與網址處理
http	HTTP 協定處理
socket	低階網路連線工具

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🔍 正規表示式與字串處理

模組	功能簡述
re	正規表示式處理
string	字元集、格式工具
textwrap	文字換行與排版處理

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🔒 安全與編碼

模組	功能簡述
hashlib	加密（MD5、SHA 等）
base64	編碼轉換

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🧪 測試與除錯

模組	功能簡述
unittest	單元測試框架
traceback	錯誤堆疊追蹤
pdb	互動式除錯器

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🧰 其他常用工具

模組	功能簡述
itertools	高效迴圈工具組
functools	函數輔助工具（如 LRU cache）
typing	型別提示（type hint）
dataclasses	自動產生 class 的工具
enum	列舉型別